Online/Hybrid Teaching
All faculty teaching hybrid/online courses at GVSU are required to receive training
For faculty planning to teach online and hybrid courses, a competency requirement must be met. All faculty are required to receive approval for teaching online and hybrid courses. For those not already approved to teach online and hybrid courses.
GVSU Course Delivery Definitions
- In-Person — All meeting times are in-person and listed in Banner and on your course schedule.
- Hybrid – In this delivery method, students do some portion of the course face to face with the entire class and the rest online – these online meetings may have synchronous dates and times or be asynchronous. Specific dates for the face-to-face portion and any synchronous online portions of the course will be listed in Banner and on your course schedule.
- Online - All Asynchronous – In this delivery method, there are no set course meeting times. Deadlines and assignments with due dates are set by the instructor, but students can complete the work in ways that fit their schedules. No meeting days or times will be listed in Banner or on your course schedule.
- Online (All Synchronous) – In this delivery method, all course meetings occur during set times when students and instructor are expected to meet online together. This is quite similar to a face-to-face class except students and instructor will interact remotely instead of in person. You will see the set course meeting times listed in Banner and on your course schedule.
- Multiple Deliver Method – Multiple Delivery courses give students the ability to choose to attend some or all class sessions either in-person or online. The option of course formats available to students will vary from course to course, but may include some of the following options: In-person class sessions; Attend online class sessions synchronously; View recorded class sessions asynchronously; or some combination of the three previous options. In Banner, students will see two types of Multiple Delivery courses: Fixed or Flexible. These classes can be easily found by searching MDFX (fixed courses) or MDFL (flexible courses) under the attribute search box.
- Fixed Courses: Students sign up for a single course format for the full term
- Flexible Courses: Students can choose which course format to attend, class session to class session.
Essential Components of Online Teaching
The basis for quality online teaching at GVSU has been established with the Grand Valley State University Online/Hybrid Course Peer Review Rubric. Below outlines seven aspects of quality online/hybrid courses that prove useful for not only peer review but the course design process itself. Follow the links below for additional resources to support course planning in each of the seven areas (in addition to a bonus section for support of online educators.
Tips to Consider
Connect with your students through Blackboard
- Throughout the semester, and especially at the start of the term, post Announcements in your Blackboard site that provide explicit, compassionate messages of care. Grand Valley is known for our care of each individual student, and expressing this care at the start of the semester is an excellent way to begin the term in these unprecedented times. Students appreciate any attempts faculty made to connect students to each other and to student supports around campus, which students are not always aware of--ranging from career advice to tutoring support to the IT help desk.
Communicate with students regularly, throughout the term
- Holding virtual office hours a few days a week can save a faculty member time responding to emails.
- Using the “Announcements” function in Blackboard, rather than emailing your students, helps students to manage their email load--and keeps a record of your communications with them all in one place.
- Rather than asking students to submit assignments via email, using the Assignment function in Bb, which creates a link where all students can upload their assignment document, keeping both you and your students organized-- and heads off large attachments being left undelivered.
- Post deadlines, assignment guidelines, rubrics, etc. front and center as well as in multiple locations so that students are clear on the course expectations and have less need to email the instructor for clarifications.
- Engage students in content in small chunks. For example, the optimal length of a video lesson is about six minutes. Multiple video lessons can be created for one class period. With respect to video or text content, consider ways to engage students with the content, either through written reflections, embedded quizzes, or discussions with peers.
Be prepared to offer Student Support Resources
- You don't have to have all the answers. Be prepared to direct students to other helpful resources such as librarians, the Knowledge Market, and other tutoring services.
Carefully consider technology use
- The fewer online systems that students (and faculty) need to navigate, the better.
- Build into your course opportunities for students to become familiar with the educational technologies that they will be expected to use.
- Develop and communicate a back-up plan for technological problems. (e.g., for a synchronous online exam, what should a student do if their local Wi-Fi fails?)
(1) Online Course Design and Organization
The course website is organized, easy to navigate, provides clear instructions and student guidance.
General
- Award-Winning Faculty Online Teaching Practices: Elements of Award-Winning Courses by Swapna Kumar, Florence Martin, Kiran Budhrani & Albert Ritzhaupt (2019). Online Learning 23(4).
- Asynchronous and Synchronous e-Learning
- Blended Course Design: A Synthesis of Best Practices by Patricia McGee & Abby Reis (2012). Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 16(4)
- Inclusive Teaching Online: Evidence-Based Strategies to Support Student Success in Higher Education by Katherine McAlvarage and Nadia Jaramillo Cherrez (2025). An open-access book from Oregon State University.
- Rapid Transition to Online Learning
- Teaching Online Resources - a comprehensive GoogleDoc from UNC-Charlotte with disciplinary guides, online content repositories, and more
- The role of temporal patterns in students’ behavior for predicting course performance: A comparison of two blended learning courses by Anouschka Van Leeuwen, Nynke Bos, Heleen Van Ravenswaaij & Jurgen Van Oostenrijk (2019). British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(2).
Hybrid Courses
- Creating a Hybrid College Course: Instructional Design Notes and Recommendations for Beginners by Gordon Hensley (2005). Journal of Online Learning and Teaching 1(2).
- GVSU Online/Hybrid Course Peer Review Rubric
- Hybrid Teaching Workbook by College of DuPage. PDF Document outlining Hybrid Learning and Teaching.
- Managing Large Enrollment Courses in Hybrid Instruction Mode by Pooja Khanna (2016). Higher Learning Research Communications, 6(4).
- Mentor Teacher Training: A Hybrid Model to Promote Partnering in Candidate Development by Amy L. Childre & Ginny L. Van Rie (2015). Rural Special Education Quarterly, 34(1), 10-16.
Multiple Delivery Method Courses
- Sample Lesson Plans from San Francisco State University. Note they use the term "hyflex" in lieu of "multiple delivery method."
- Sample Lesson Plan from Columbia University. Note they use the term "hyflex" in lieu of "multiple delivery method."
If you are looking for more in-depth resources around course design, visit our Remote Teaching Professional Development Options page.
(2) Course Expectations
The course website includes a course description, clear measurable learning objectives, required textbook and/or course materials, schedule, grading, and assessment requirements. In addition, university policies and procedures along with student support services are included (tutoring, disability support resources, library, IT Service Desk, etc.). Information is provided regarding expected time on task.
- Getting Started with Designing a Hybrid Learning Course - Cornell University site that compiles a list of ways to begin designing your online course
- Effective Practices - CUNY Hybrid Initiative site offering practices that may be helpful when teaching online/hybrid courses
- Setting Course Expectations - article by EC Learn that outlines specific techniques that will help set effective course expectations
- Facilitation strategies and problem space coverage: comparing face-to-face and online case-based discussions - Educational Technology Research and Development, Ertmer, P. & Koehler, A. 66(3), (2018).
- The role of emotion in the learning process: Comparisons between online and face-to-face learning settings - The Internet and Higher Education, March, G. & Gutierrez, A. 15(3), (2012).
- Rubric for asynchronous discussion participation
- Online discussion rubric
- Class discussion rubrics - undergraduate and graduate courses
(3) Faculty-Student Interaction
The faculty's online presence is demonstrated through frequent and timely faculty-student communication and contact.
Communication Tools on Blackboard
- Blackboard Quick Start Guide - Announcements, Email, Online Discussions
- Online discussions
- Blackboard Collaborate live chat
Instructor Presence
- "Comfort" as a Critical Success Factor in Blended Learning Courses - Online Learning, 20(3). Futch, L. S., DeNoyelles, A., Thompson, K., & Howard, W. (2016)
- "I 'feel' like I am at university even though I am online." Exploring how students narrate their engagement with higher education institutions in an online learning environment - Distance Education, O' Shea, S.; Stone, C.; Delahunty, J. (2015)
- Keeping Students Engaged in a Transition to Online Learning - a recorded webinar about instructor presence and adaptability
- Student Interaction with Content in Online and Hybrid Courses: Leading Horses to Proverbial Water. - Informing Science, Murray, M., Pérez, J., Geist, D., Hedrick, A. (2013)
- Student Perceptions of the Most Effective and Engaging Online Learning Activities in a Blended Graduate Seminar - Online Learning, 22(3), 87-102. Cundell, A., Sheepy, E. (2018
(4) Reciprocity and Cooperation
Students engage in formal and/or informal discussions of course topics, group assignments, etc.
Collaboration
- A cross- cultural study of teacher perspectives on teacher roles and adoption of online collaborative learning in higher education - European Journal of Teacher Education, 33(2), Zhu, C.; Valcke, M.; Schellens, T. (2011).
- Designing a Cross-Cultural Collaborative Online Learning Framework for Online Instructors - Online Learning, 22 (4), Kumi-Yeboah, A. (2018).
- Evaluation of Intelligent Grouping Based on Learners' Collaboration Competence Level in Online Collaborative Learning Environment - International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning. 17 (2). Muuro, M.; Oboko, R.; Wagacha, W.
- Exploring Collaborative Online Learning - Online Learning. Curtis, D., Lawson, M. 5 (1). (2019).
- How social network analysis can be used to monitor online collaborative learning and guide an informed intervention - PLoS ONE, 13 (3), Saqr, M.; Fors, U.; Tedre, M.; Nouri, J. (2018).
- How the study of online collaborative learning can guide teachers and predict students' performance in a medical course - BMC Medical Education, 18 (1), Saqr, M.; Fors, U.; Tedre, M. (2018).
- Online Collaborative Learning: Cultural Differences in Student Satisfaction and Performance - Journal for Educational Research Online, 3 (1), Zhu, C. (2011).
- Task-related and social regulation during online collaborative learning - Springer Link, Janssen, J., Erkens, G., Kirschner, P. & Kanselaar, G. (2012).
Group Work
- A More Strategic Approach to Arranging Students into Groups - The Teaching Professor, Weimer, M. (2018).
- Four Types of Group Work Activities to Engage Students- Faculty Focus, Kennette, L., Hanzuk, W. (2017).
- Group vs. Collaborative Learning: Knowing the Difference Makes a Difference - Faculty Focus, Scheuermann, J. (2018).
- Ideas for Great Group Work- Duke Learning Innovation, Riddle,R. (2016).
- Peer Assessment: Benefits of Group Work - The Teaching Professor, Weimer, M. (2017).
- Strategies for Designing More Effective Group Work Assignments - The Teaching Professor, Shibley, I. (2018).
(5) Active Learning
Active learning methods engage students in the learning process by encouraging them to discover, process, and apply information in a variety of ways. Inclusive of students' diversity, talents, and ways of knowing.
General
- Adventure Learning: Transformative hybrid online education - Doering, A. 27(2), (2006).
- Asynchronous Strategies for Inclusive Teaching - extensive guide from Brown University
- Enhancing Teaching-Learning Effectiveness by Creating Online Interactive Instructional Modules for Fundamental Concepts of Physics and Mathematics - Directory of Open Access Journals, Moradi, M.; Liu, L.; Luchies, C.; Patterson, M.; Darban, B. 8(3), (2018).
- Examining Interactive and Metacognitive Processes in Student Learning: Findings from a Hybrid Instructional Environment - Online Learning, Meyers, S.; Feeney, L. 20(3), (2016).
- Student Engagement in Blended Learning Environments with Lecture-Based and Problem-Based Instructional Approaches - Journal of Educational Technology and Society, Delialioğlu, Ö. (2012).
- Using online lectures to make time for active learning - Genetics, Prunuske, A.; Batzli, J.; Howell, E.; Miller, S. 192(1), (2012).
- Videoconferencing Alternatives - a blog post detailing instructional choices around bandwidth and immediacy
Special Topics and STEM
- Facilitating Global Learning Online - strategies to develop global perspective, awareness and engagement
- Online Resources for Science Laboratories & Remote Teaching
- Network of Stem Education Centers - STEM teaching strategies, including online simulations and labs
- How to Quickly (and Safely) Move a Lab Course Online - Chronicle of Higher Education article
(6) Prompt Feedback
Faculty assist students in frequently assessing their knowledge and competence while providing them with opportunities to practice, receive suggestions, and reflect on their learning.
Formative Feedback
- Feedback as an Example of Teaching Presence - UC Davis Canvas article with examples about Teaching Presence
- Improving Feedback to Students in Online Courses - Nursing Education Perspectives, Bonnel, W., 29(5), (2008).
- The Challenge of Providing High-Quality Feedback Online: Building a Culture of Continuous Improvement in an Online Course for Adult Learners - The Journal of Inclusive Scholarship & Pedagogy, Hodge, E., Chenelle, S. 28(2), (2018)
Alternative Assessments
- Seven Ways to Assess Students Online and Minimize Cheating - from the author of the excellent book, Small Teaching Online
- Five Guidelines for Developing Good Online Assessments - a helpful overview of both the design elements of assessments and the advantages/disadvantages of various formats
- Tips for Remote Exams and Alternative Assessments - detailed guide from Rutgers University with sections on exam alternatives and special advice for open-book assessment in quantitative courses
- Revitalizing Classes Through Oral Exams - practical suggestions for the virtual classroom
- One Educator's Rationale for Student Self-Assessments by Laura Ross, Maryville University. The Scholarly Teacher Blog Post, 2020.
Online Exams and Academic Integrity
- Ask better questions
- Probe higher order thinking: explain, analyze, evaluate (Examples of Critical Thinking Question Stems)
- Vary question formats
- Use terms and examples that aren't as easy to Google as those found in textbook test bank questions
- Talk to students about academic integrity (Pew FTLC resources)
- Optimize features of Blackboard Tests, Surveys, and Pools tool
- First question on a test/quiz: an I AGREE statement about upholding academic integrity
- Use a variety of question types (17 different types)
- Set a time window of test availability as well as a timer (can be individualized for students needing accommodation)
- Randomize order, pull from question pools
- Display one question at a time
- Limit feedback displayed to students (correct answers, etc)
- Practice online assessments–helps you and your students
- Best Practices for Offering Exams Online - practical suggestions from Kansas State University
- Best Ways to Stop Cheating in Online Courses? Teach Better - Hear me out and click through to view the wonderful list of ten ideas, “small, scalable changes for improving academic integrity”
- Fourteen Simple Strategies to Reduce Cheating in Online Exams - succinct, tactical suggestions
Online Proctoring
- Respondus Lockdown Browser and Monitor, Teaching with Technology Support
- Before implementing applications such as Respondus or Zoom to monitor students, carefully weigh the criticisms and concerns around equity, exacerbation of test anxiety, increased cognitive load of learning to take exams in new ways, as well as student privacy. See, for example:
- Inside Higher Ed, May 11, 2020
- The Science of Learning vs. Proctoring Software, Joshua Eyler blog post, October 2, 2020
(7) High Expectations
Faculty clearly communicate high, rigorous, appropriate expectations and provide support to students in meeting the expectations.
Examples of Evidence (Where to Look):
- Explicit communication of knowledge and skills required for the course (e.g., Syllabus)
- Explanation and reminders of learning objectives for each week, assignment, etc. (e.g., Syllabus, Course Content, Assignments)
- Context and rationale for assignments to motivate students (e.g., Announcements, Assignments, Course Content)
- Examples and counterexamples of high quality work (e.g., Course Content, Assignments)
- Assignments and learning activities elicit critical thinking (e.g., Discussion Board, Assignments, Course Content)
- Appropriate amount of assigned work (e.g., Syllabus, Course Content, Assignments)